Toyota Avalon (XX50): Steering Gear(for Gasoline Model)

Toyota Avalon (XX50) 2019-2022 Service & Repair Manual / Steering / Steering Gear / Linkage / Steering Gear(for Gasoline Model)

Components

COMPONENTS

ILLUSTRATION

*1	FRONT WHEEL OPENING EXTENSION PAD LH	*2	FRONT WHEEL OPENING EXTENSION PAD RH
*3	NO. 1 ENGINE UNDER COVER	*4	REAR ENGINE UNDER COVER LH
*5	REAR ENGINE UNDER COVER RH	*6	STEERING INTERMEDIATE SHAFT ASSEMBLY
*7	TIE ROD ASSEMBLY LH	*8	COTTER PIN
	Tightening torque for "Major areas involving basic vehicle performance such as moving/turning/stopping": Nm (kgfcm, ft.*lbf)		Nm (kgfcm, ft.*lbf): Specified torque
●	Non-reusable part	-	-

ILLUSTRATION

*1	FRONT FRAME ASSEMBLY	*2	FRONT STABILIZER BAR WITH BRACKET
*3	RACK AND PINION POWER STEERING GEAR ASSEMBLY	*4	WIRE HARNESS
*5	FRONT ENGINE MOUNTING INSULATOR	*6	REAR ENGINE MOUNTING INSULATOR
	Tightening torque for "Major areas involving basic vehicle performance such as moving/turning/stopping": Nm (kgfcm, ft.*lbf)		Nm (kgfcm, ft.*lbf): Specified torque
●	Non-reusable part	-	-

ILLUSTRATION

*1	RACK AND PINION POWER STEERING GEAR ASSEMBLY	*2	STEERING GEAR HEAT INSULATOR
*3	TIE ROD ASSEMBLY LH	*4	TIE ROD ASSEMBLY RH
	Tightening torque for "Major areas involving basic vehicle performance such as moving/turning/stopping": Nm (kgfcm, ft.*lbf)		Nm (kgfcm, ft.*lbf): Specified torque

ILLUSTRATION

*1	NO. 1 STEERING RACK BOOT	*2	NO. 2 STEERING RACK BOOT
*3	NO. 2 STEERING RACK BOOT CLAMP	*4	STEERING RACK BOOT CLIP
●	Non-reusable part		Lithium soap base glycol grease

Disassembly

DISASSEMBLY

PROCEDURE

1. REMOVE STEERING RACK BOOT CLIP (for LH Side)

(a) Using pliers, remove the steering rack boot clip.

2. REMOVE STEERING RACK BOOT CLIP (for RH Side)

HINT:

Perform the same procedure as for the LH side.

3. REMOVE NO. 2 STEERING RACK BOOT CLAMP (for LH Side)

(a) Using a screwdriver, remove the No. 2 steering rack boot clamp.

NOTICE:

Be careful not to damage the No. 2 steering rack boot.

4. REMOVE NO. 2 STEERING RACK BOOT CLAMP (for RH Side)

HINT:

Perform the same procedure as for the LH side.

5. REMOVE NO. 2 STEERING RACK BOOT

(a) Remove the No. 2 steering rack boot.

NOTICE:

Check that there is no water, foreign matter or rust inside of the removed No. 2 steering rack boot.
If there is no water, foreign matter or rust inside of the No. 2 steering rack boot, pull out the rack bar and check for water, foreign matter or rust.
If water or foreign matter in either part, replace them with a new rack and pinion power steering gear assembly.
In order to avoid water or foreign matter from adhering to the parts, do not touch the parts unless working in a dust-free, indoors environment.

6. REMOVE NO. 1 STEERING RACK BOOT

HINT:

Perform the same procedure as for the No. 2 steering rack boot.

Inspection

INSPECTION

PROCEDURE

1. INSPECT TIE ROD ASSEMBLY LH

(a) Secure the tie rod assembly LH in a vise between aluminum plates.

NOTICE:

Do not overtighten the vise.

(b) Install the nut to the stud bolt.

(d) Using a torque wrench and the nut, turn the stud bolt continuously at a rate of 2 to 4 seconds per turn, and check the turning torque on the 5th turn.

Standard Turning Torque:

0.49 to 3.43 N*m (5 to 34 kgf*cm, 5 to 30 in.*lbf)

HINT:

If the turning torque is not within the specified range, replace the tie rod assembly LH with a new one.

(e) Check that the dust cover is not cracked and that there is no grease on it.

HINT:

If the dust cover is cracked or there is grease on it, replace the tie rod assembly LH with a new one.

2. INSPECT TIE ROD ASSEMBLY RH

HINT:

Perform the same procedure as for the LH side.

3. INSPECT TOTAL PRELOAD

NOTICE:

Inspect the total preload in a no-load condition by removing the tie rod assemblies RH and LH, and steering rack boots.

(a) Install SST to the pinion shaft and turn it left and right 5 times or more.

SST: 09616-00011

(b) Using SST and a torque wrench, turn the pinion shaft continuously at a rate of 4 to 6 seconds per turn to inspect the total preload of the rack and pinion power steering gear assembly.

Standard Preload:

1.5 to 3.05 N*m (16 to 31 kgf*cm, 14 to 26 in.*lbf)

NOTICE:

Inspect the total preload around the steering rack center position.

HINT:

If the total preload is not within the specified range, replace the rack and pinion power steering gear assembly with a new one.

Installation

INSTALLATION

PROCEDURE

1. INSTALL STEERING GEAR HEAT INSULATOR

(a) Install the steering gear heat insulator to the rack and pinion power steering gear assembly with the 2 bolts in the order shown in the illustration.

Torque:

8.0 N·m {82 kgf·cm, 71 in·lbf}

2. INSTALL TIE ROD ASSEMBLY LH

(a) Install the lock nut and tie rod assembly LH to the rack and pinion power steering gear assembly until the matchmarks are aligned.

HINT:

After adjusting the toe-in, tighten the lock nut.

Matchmark

3. INSTALL TIE ROD ASSEMBLY RH

HINT:

Perform the same procedure as for the LH side.

4. INSTALL RACK AND PINION POWER STEERING GEAR ASSEMBLY

(a) Install the rack and pinion power steering gear assembly to the front frame assembly with the 4 bolts and 4 new nuts.

Torque:

88 N·m {897 kgf·cm, 65 ft·lbf}

NOTICE:

Because the nut has its own stopper, do not turn the nut. Tighten the bolt with the nut secured.

5. INSTALL FRONT STABILIZER BAR WITH BRACKET

(a) Install the front stabilizer bar with 2 front stabilizer links, front No. 1 stabilizer bracket LH, front No. 1 stabilizer bracket RH and 2 front No. 1 stabilizer bar bushings to the front frame assembly.

(b) Install the front No. 1 stabilizer bracket LH to the front frame assembly with the 2 bolts.

Torque:

44 N·m {449 kgf·cm, 32 ft·lbf}

NOTICE:

Make sure to install the front No. 1 stabilizer bracket LH with its arrow facing the front of the vehicle.
Temporarily tighten the bolt (B) and then fully tighten the 2 bolts in the order of (A) and (B).

*a	Arrow
	Front of the Vehicle

HINT:

Perform the same procedure as for the LH side.

6. INSTALL FRONT FRAME ASSEMBLY

Click here

7. CONNECT WIRE HARNESS

(a) Install the wire harness to the rack and pinion power steering gear assembly with the 2 bolts.

Torque:

10 N·m {102 kgf·cm, 7 ft·lbf}

(b) Connect the wire harness connector to the rack and pinion power steering gear assembly.

HINT:

Make sure that the connector is fully inserted before rotating the lock lever to engage the lock.

8. INSTALL ENGINE ASSEMBLY WITH TRANSAXLE

Click here

9. CONNECT TIE ROD ASSEMBLY LH

(a) Connect the tie rod assembly LH to the steering knuckle LH with the nut.

Torque:

49 N·m {500 kgf·cm, 36 ft·lbf}

NOTICE:

Do not damage the ball joint dust cover.
Further tighten the nut up to 60° if the holes for the cotter pin are not aligned.

(b) Install a new cotter pin.

10. CONNECT TIE ROD ASSEMBLY RH

HINT:

Perform the same procedure as for the LH side.

11. CONNECT STEERING INTERMEDIATE SHAFT ASSEMBLY

(a) Align the matchmarks on the steering intermediate shaft assembly and rack and pinion power steering gear assembly.

Matchmark

(b) Connect the steering intermediate shaft assembly to the rack and pinion power steering gear assembly.

Torque:

35 N·m {357 kgf·cm, 26 ft·lbf}

12. INSTALL REAR ENGINE UNDER COVER RH

Click here

13. INSTALL REAR ENGINE UNDER COVER LH

Click here

14. INSTALL NO. 1 ENGINE UNDER COVER

Click here

15. INSTALL FRONT WHEEL OPENING EXTENSION PAD LH

Click here

16. INSTALL FRONT WHEEL OPENING EXTENSION PAD RH

Click here

17. INSTALL FRONT WHEELS

Click here

18. TORQUE SENSOR ZERO POINT CALIBRATION

Click here

Reassembly

REASSEMBLY

PROCEDURE

1. INSTALL NO. 2 STEERING RACK BOOT

(a) Apply lithium soap base glycol grease to the inside of the small opening of a new No. 2 steering rack boot.

Lithium Soap Base Glycol Grease

(b) Install the No. 2 steering rack boot to the groove on the rack housing.

NOTICE:

Be careful not to damage or twist the No. 2 steering rack boot.
Make sure that the No. 2 steering rack boot is free of water, rust, foreign matter, etc.
Do not touch the inside of the rack boot or rack bar when performing installation.

2. INSTALL NO. 1 STEERING RACK BOOT

HINT:

Perform the same procedure as for the No. 2 steering rack boot.

3. INSTALL NO. 2 STEERING RACK BOOT CLAMP (for LH Side)

(a) Temporarily install a new No. 2 steering rack boot clamp to the No. 2 steering rack boot.

NOTICE:

Do not damage the No. 2 steering rack boot.

HINT:

The protrusion of the No. 2 steering rack boot clamp can be installed at any position.

(b) Using SST, install the No. 2 steering rack boot clamp as shown in the illustration.

SST: 09521-24010

NOTICE:

Do not pinch the No. 2 steering rack boot clamp excessively.
Be careful not to damage or twist the No. 2 steering rack boot.

Clearance:

2.5 to 4.0 mm (0.0984 to 0.157 in.)

4. INSTALL NO. 2 STEERING RACK BOOT CLAMP (for RH Side)

HINT:

Perform the same procedure as for the LH side.

5. INSTALL STEERING RACK BOOT CLIP (for LH Side)

(a) Using pliers, install the steering rack boot clip.

*a	Clip Tab Positioning Area
	Up
	Rear of Vehicle

HINT:

Make sure that the tabs of the steering rack boot clip are positioned within the area shown in the illustration.

6. INSTALL STEERING RACK BOOT CLIP (for RH Side)

HINT:

Perform the same procedure as for the LH side.

7. INSPECT RACK AND PINION POWER STEERING GEAR ASSEMBLY

(a) Using SST, rotate the pinion shaft to see if both the left and the right steering rack boots expand and contract smoothly.

SST: 09616-00011

HINT:

If the left and right steering rack boots do not expand and contract smoothly, use new No. 2 steering rack boot clamps and reinstall the steering rack boots.

Removal

REMOVAL

CAUTION / NOTICE / HINT

The necessary procedures (adjustment, calibration, initialization, or registration) that must be performed after parts are removed and installed, or replaced during rack and pinion power steering gear assembly removal/installation are shown below.

Necessary Procedure After Parts Removed/Installed/Replaced

Replaced Part or Performed Procedure	Necessary Procedure	Effect/Inoperative Function when Necessary Procedure not Performed	Link
Battery terminal is disconnected/reconnected	Perform steering sensor zero point calibration	Lane departure alert system (w/ Steering Control)
		Pre-collision system
		Intelligent clearance sonar system*1
		Lighting system (for Gasoline Model with Cornering Light)
	Memorize steering angle neutral point	Parking assist monitor system
	Memorize steering angle neutral point	Panoramic view monitor system
Replacement of ECM	Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) registration	MIL comes on
Replacement of ECM	Perform code registration (Immobiliser system)	Engine start function
Replacement of engine assembly Gas leak from exhaust system is repaired	Inspection after repair	Poor idle, etc. Engine start function, etc.
Replacement of automatic transaxle assembly	Reset Memory Input transaxle compensation code into ECM Perform road test to allow ECM to learn	Large shift shock Deterioration of fuel efficiency	for Initialization: for Registration:
Replacement of ECM (If transaxle compensation code read from ECM)	Reset memory*2 Transfer transaxle compensation code Perform road test to allow ECM to learn
Replacement of ECM (If transaxle compensation code not read from ECM)	Reset memory*2 Reset transaxle compensation code Perform road test to allow ECM to learn
Replacement of automatic transaxle fluid	ATF thermal degradation estimate reset	The value of the Data List item "ATF Thermal Degradation Estimate" is not estimated correctly
Replacement of ECM	Code registration (Smart Key System (for Start Function))	Wireless Door Lock Control System Smart Key System (for Entry Function) Smart Key System (for Start Function) Steering lock function
Suspension, tires, etc.	Measure ultrasonic sensor detection angle Ultrasonic sensor detection angle registration	Intelligent Clearance Sonar System Intuitive Parking Assist System
	Rear television camera assembly optical axis adjustment (Back camera position setting)	Parking Assist Monitor System	for Initialization: for Calibration:
	Parking assist ECU initialization Adjust steering angle Television camera assembly optical axis adjustment (Back camera position setting)	Panoramic View Monitor System	for Initialization: for Calibration:
	Perform headlight ECU sub-assembly LH initialization	Lighting system (for Gasoline Model with Cornering Light)
Front wheel alignment adjustment	Perform system variant learning and acceleration sensor zero point calibration.	VSC is disabled or malfunctions DTCs are output Slip indicator light illuminates ABS warning light illuminates
Rack and pinion power steering gear assembly	Perform torque sensor zero point calibration Assist map writing	DTCs are output Steering effort different between turning steering wheel left and right EPS warning light illuminates

*1: When performing learning using the Techstream.

Click here

*2: Not necessary when ECM replaced with new one

PROCEDURE

1. PRECAUTION

(a) When handling the rack and pinion power steering gear assembly:

(1) Do not subject the rack and pinion power steering gear assembly (especially the motor and torque sensor) to any impact. Replace the rack and pinion power steering gear assembly with a new one if subjected to a strong impact.

(2) Do not pull the wire harness when moving the rack and pinion power steering gear assembly.

(3) When the rack and pinion power steering gear assembly has been replaced, perform torque sensor zero point calibration.

Click here

(b) When disconnecting or reconnecting the connectors:

(1) Before disconnecting connectors related to the power steering system, turn the engine switch to ON, center the steering wheel, turn the engine switch off, and then disconnect the connectors.

(2) Before reconnecting connectors related to the power steering system, ensure that the engine switch is off. Then center the steering wheel and turn the engine switch to ON.

NOTICE:

Do not turn the engine switch to ON when the steering wheel is not centered.

(3) If the above operations are not carried out properly, the steering center point (zero point) will deviate, which may lead to a difference in steering effort between turning right and left.

HINT:

If there is a difference in steering effort between turning right and left, perform torque sensor zero point calibration.

Click here

2. ALIGN FRONT WHEELS FACING STRAIGHT AHEAD

3. SECURE STEERING WHEEL

(a) Secure the steering wheel with the seat belt in order to prevent rotation.

HINT:

This operation is useful to prevent damage to the spiral cable.

4. REMOVE FRONT WHEELS

Click here

5. REMOVE FRONT WHEEL OPENING EXTENSION PAD LH

Click here

6. REMOVE FRONT WHEEL OPENING EXTENSION PAD RH

Click here

7. REMOVE NO. 1 ENGINE UNDER COVER

Click here

8. REMOVE REAR ENGINE UNDER COVER LH

Click here

9. REMOVE REAR ENGINE UNDER COVER RH

Click here

10. SEPARATE STEERING INTERMEDIATE SHAFT ASSEMBLY

(a) Remove the bolt and slide the steering intermediate shaft assembly.

NOTICE:

Do not separate the steering intermediate shaft assembly from the rack and pinion power steering gear assembly.

Matchmark

(b) Put matchmarks on the rack and pinion power steering gear assembly and steering intermediate shaft assembly.

11. SEPARATE TIE ROD ASSEMBLY LH

(a) Remove the cotter pin and nut.

(b) Install SST to the tie rod assembly LH as shown in the illustration.

SST: 09960-20010

09961-02060

NOTICE:

Make sure that the upper ends of the tie rod assembly LH and SST are aligned.

SST: 09960-20010

09961-02010

*a	String	*b	Molybdenum Grease Application Area
*c	Place wrench here	*d	Center Nut
	Turn	-	-

CAUTION:

Apply molybdenum grease to the threads and end of the SST bolt.

NOTICE:

Be sure to tighten the string firmly to secure SST to the steering knuckle LH to prevent SST from falling off.
Install SST with the center nut so that (A) and (B) shown in the illustration are parallel. Otherwise, the ball joint dust cover may be damaged.
Be sure to place the wrench on the part shown in the illustration.
Do not damage the front disc brake dust cover.
Do not damage the ball joint dust cover.
Do not damage the steering knuckle LH.

12. SEPARATE TIE ROD ASSEMBLY RH

HINT:

Perform the same procedure as for the LH side.

13. REMOVE ENGINE ASSEMBLY WITH TRANSAXLE

Click here

14. DISCONNECT WIRE HARNESS

(a) Disconnect the wire harness connector from the rack and pinion power steering gear assembly.

HINT:

Release the lock before rotating the lock lever.

(b) Remove the 2 bolts and separate the wire harness from the rack and pinion power steering gear assembly.

15. INSTALL ENGINE HANGERS

Click here

16. REMOVE FRONT FRAME ASSEMBLY

Click here

17. REMOVE FRONT STABILIZER BAR WITH BRACKET

(a) Remove the 2 bolts and separate the front No. 1 stabilizer bracket LH from the front frame assembly.

(b) Remove the 2 bolts and separate the front No. 1 stabilizer bracket RH from the front frame assembly.

HINT:

Perform the same procedure as for the LH side.

(c) Remove the front stabilizer bar with 2 front stabilizer links, front No. 1 stabilizer bracket LH, front No. 1 stabilizer bracket RH and 2 front No. 1 stabilizer bar bushings from the front frame assembly.

18. REMOVE RACK AND PINION POWER STEERING GEAR ASSEMBLY

(a) Remove the 4 bolts, 4 nuts and rack and pinion power steering gear assembly from the front frame assembly.

NOTICE:

Because the nut has its own stopper, do not turn the nut. Loosen the bolt with the nut secured.

19. SECURE RACK AND PINION POWER STEERING GEAR ASSEMBLY

(a) Using SST, secure the rack and pinion power steering gear assembly in a vise.

SST: 09612-00012

HINT:

Wrap SST with protective tape before use.

*a	Protective Tape

20. REMOVE TIE ROD ASSEMBLY LH

(a) Put matchmarks on the tie rod assembly LH and rack and pinion power steering gear assembly.

Matchmark

(b) Remove the tie rod assembly LH and lock nut.

21. REMOVE TIE ROD ASSEMBLY RH

HINT:

Perform the same procedure as for the LH side.

22. REMOVE STEERING GEAR HEAT INSULATOR

(a) Remove the 2 bolts and steering gear heat insulator from the rack and pinion power steering gear assembly.

Tilt And Telescopic Manual Switch

Steering Gear(for Hv Model)

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